Where is GEORGIA located on the map?
Georgia is a country on the east coast of the Black Sea in the Caucasus, located both in Eastern Europe and in Asia. It is considered to be culturally, historically and politically speaking part of Europe. The capital of Georgia is Tbilisi.
The history of Georgia dates back to the ancient kingdoms of Colchis and Iberia, which were later unified. Georgia is one of the first nations to have adopted the Christian religion as an official religion at the beginning of the fourth century: it joined orthodoxy after the schism of 1054. It knows its golden age in the twelfth century, under the reign of Thamar. Confronted alternately with the Persians, Romans, Byzantines, Arabs, Mongols and Ottomans, Georgia is annexed at the beginning of the nineteenth century by imperial Russia under Paul I, but regains its independence from 1918 to 1921. It is then integrated as republic within the Soviet Union.
The independence of Georgia is once again restored in 1991. The country accumulates economic difficulties and wars of secession; Adjara became totally Georgian in 2004, while Abkhazia and South Ossetia unilaterally proclaimed their independence after the fighting of the 1990s and the Russo-Georgian war of 2008: in total, 30% of the territory is no longer under Tbilisi control. The Rose Revolution, in 2004, peaceful, and the democratic alternation, in 2012, no less peaceful, led the country on the path of democracy.
The country covers a territory of 69 700 km2. In international law, it has borders with the Russian Federation in the north, Azerbaijan in the east, Armenia in the south and Turkey in the south-west. The borders with South Ossetia and Abkhazia, secured on the outside by Russian forces, are obstacles that can not be overcome since 2008.
The population (excluding those in Abkhazia and South Ossetia) is 3.7 million according to the November 2014 census; it is clearly down on the 1989 Soviet census (more than 5 million inhabitants) and in the late 1990s (more than 4 million inhabitants), mainly because of economic migration.
Georgia is a member of the Council of Europe, the World Trade Organization, the Black Sea Economic Cooperation and the GUAM Alliance. She hopes to become a member of NATO and the European Union with whom an Association Agreement was concluded in 2014.
Georgia has resources of copper, manganese and, more limited, coal. Hydropower generation is important. Viticulture in Georgia plays a key role in the economy of this country. Its GDP per capita is US $ 5,400 in 2011. Georgia exported US $ 2.189 billion in 2011. Its main exports are: vehicles, fertilizers, nuts, scrap metal, gold and minerals. of copper. It imported US $ 7.058 billion in 2011. The main imported products are: fuels, vehicles, machinery, grains and other agricultural products, as well as pharmaceuticals.
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